CS374: Principles of Programming Languages
[ Course Info | Course Objectives and Goals | Resources | Instructors | Textbooks | Schedule | Grading | Course Policies | Course Details ]
Course Info
- Course Number and Title: CS374 - Principles of Programming Languages
- Section A
- Credit Hours: 4 Semester Hours
- Credit Hours include "contact time" in the classroom and outside course work. It is expected that the sum of classroom time and outside course work time should add up to three times the listed credit hours per week.
- Course Webpage: https://BillJr99.github.io/Ursinus-CS374-Fall2024
- LMS (Canvas): Canvas
- Course Calendar: Import the course calendar into your favorite calendar app with this link!
- Class Notebook: Access our class notebook here! If you are unable to access the notebook, please let me know and I will share the document with your account.
- Academic Term: Fall 2024-25
- Term Start and End: through
- Course Prerequisites: CS174 with a grade of C- or higher.
- Class Meeting Locations and Times:
- Section A:
- s from 10:00 AM to 10:50 AM in Olin 107
- s from 10:00 AM to 10:50 AM in Olin 107
- s from 10:00 AM to 10:50 AM in Olin 107
- Final Exam:
- Section A: 2024/12/13 from 1:00 PM to 4:00 PM in Olin 107
- Course Description: Syntax, processors, representations and styles of programming languages. Study and comparison of several modern programming languages. Prerequisite: A grade of C– or higher in CS-174. Offered in the spring of odd years. Three hours per week. Four semester hours.
Course Learning Objectives and Learning Goals
Learning Objectives
- To design a programming language by specifying tokens and a grammar
- To implement a scanner and parser for a given language specification
- To differentiate between declarative, imperative, and object-oriented programming paradigms
- To describe scoping in terms of a call stack
Learning Goals
- To identify candidate languages and paradigms to solve a particular problem
- To utilize the functionality of a programming language and paradigm to your advantage when solving problems with programming
The Questions
Throughout the course, we will be thematically guided by the Ursinus Questions:- What should matter to me?
- How should we live together?
- How can we understand the world?
- What will I do?
Resources
Accommodations
Ursinus College and your instructor are committed to ensuring equal access and providing reasonable accommodations for all students. If you have, or think you have, a disability in any area such as, mental health, attention, learning, chronic health, sensory, or physical, please contact the Director of Disability Services.As the instructor of this course, I strive to provide an inclusive learning environment. If you experience barriers to learning in this course, do not hesitate to discuss them with me. The Office of Disability and Access works with students who have any kind of disability, whether apparent or non-apparent, learning, emotional, physical, or cognitive, and need accommodations to increase their access to this learning environment. Students are encouraged to reach out to the disability and access team to discuss supports and accommodations they may need by scheduling a meeting using their scheduling link: https://kderstine.youcanbook.me/, or by emailing them at disabilityandaccess@ursinus.edu. Students can also review accessibility and disabilities services online at the Disability and Access at Ursinus Webpage. Their office is located in Lower Wismer, with the Institute for Student Success (ISS) office.
Peer Coaching
The Institute for Student Success offers Peer Coaching that you can sign up for anytime. The Institute for Student Success (ISS) is located in Lower Wismer, and connects students to the resources, activities, services, and programs that can help students be successful, thrive, and persist to graduation. They offer academic skills workshops, one-on-one coaching, tutoring, and more. Specifically, they offer course level tutoring as well as peer academic coaching (for help with time management, SMART goal setting, breaking down large assignments, and more). Contact them at instituteforstudentsuccess@ursinus.edu or 610-409-3400.Wellness Center
If you are struggling with mental, physical, or substance use concerns that are negatively impacting your life, relationships, or academics, please reach out for support. The Wellness Center's Counseling staff and the Health Promotion staff collaborate to support students and they are all co-located in The Hive. The Wellness Center offers counseling and medical services at no cost to students. All services are confidential. For urgent mental health issues, a walk-in crisis hour is available at 2-3 pm each weekday, where students in crisis can be seen immediately by a clinician. A 24/7 on-call clinician is also a part of the campus Crisis Response Team. Health Promotion offers support services for students in recovery and Allies of Recovery training for friends/loved ones, and hosts many events and programs to help students build a healthy lifestyle and discover coping strategies. Visit ursinus.edu/wellbeing for wellness services campus wide and visit the office's website (https://www.ursinus.edu/offices/wellness-center/) for a full description of all services.Center for Writing and Speaking
The Center for Writing and Speaking is available for one-on-one and group appointments to advise you as you revise your writing projects and presentations. They will even support your personal projects and extracurricular activities! Please feel free and encouraged to review any and all writing and speaking work from this class with them. Make an appointment at https://ursinus.mywconline.net/.Bear2Bear and Basic Needs/Wellbeing
The college recognizes that temporary financial hardships can impact students' access to course materials, as well as their access to opportunities on campus. Please be aware of the Bear2Bear fund, which has been established by donors to the college and provides special grants for students who have exhausted other sources of funding. For information on assistance in getting other basic needs met, please visit https://www.ursinus.edu/wellbeing.Help Room
The Math Help Room (Pfahler 102) is a great place to go if you are struggling and is managed by the Institute for Student Success. Students who have previously taken the course will be there to help you with the assignments.Course Management Systems: Canvas, Microsoft OneNote, and Microsoft Teams
We will be using Canvas to post all of the grades. For the most part, we will submit work using Canvas as well. For class activities and notes, we will be using OneNote, and for other discussions and announcements for the course, including messaging me directly with questions, we will use Microsoft Teams. OneNote and Teams are linked to your Office suite through Ursinus, so you are automatically enrolled. There you can ask and answer questions about the lecture content and assignments.Since it is likely that students will have similar questions, it is much more efficient for me to answer them there so the whole class can see the answer, so it is possible that I will ask you to re-send a question publicly that I get in an e-mail. If you'd prefer, I could anonymize the question as well, but I'd like you to have the opportunity to post it so that you are credited with having such a good question!
Course Instructors and Student / Office Hours
| Role | Name and Contact Information | Student Hours / Office Hours |
|---|---|---|
| Professor |
William Mongan
Phone: 610-409-3268 E-Mail: wmongan@ursinus.edu Office: Pfahler Hall 101L |
|
Textbooks
| Required? | Title | Author | Edition | ISBN | Freely Available? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Required |
 Introduction to Compilers and Language Design |
Douglas Thain | 2nd Edition | N/A | Online Version |
| Required |
 Programming Languages: Application and Interpretation |
Shiram Krishnamurthi | 2nd Edition | N/A | Online Version |
| Recommended / Supplemental |
 Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs |
Harold Abelson and Gerald Jay Sussman with Julie Sussman | 2nd Edition | 9780262510875 | Online Version |
Course Schedule
| Week | Date | Title | Readings | Deliverables Handed Out | Deliverables Due |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Week 1 | Course Overview |
|
|||
| Week 1 | History of Programming Languages |
|
|||
| Week 1 | Modern Language Features | ||||
| Week 2 | Programming Paradigms: Imperative, Declaritive, Functional, Object-Oriented, and Scripting |
|
|
||
| Week 2 | Functional Programming | ||||
| Week 2 | Functional Programming |
|
|||
| Week 3 | Functional Programming | ||||
| Week 3 | Functional Programming | ||||
| Week 3 | Logic Programming | ||||
| Week 4 | Scripting Languages | ||||
| Week 4 | Scripting Languages |
|
|||
| Week 4 | Scripting Languages | ||||
| Week 5 | Syntax and Semantics | ||||
| Week 5 | Syntax and Semantics | ||||
| Week 5 | Bindng and Scope |
|
|||
| Week 6 | Regular Expressions |
|
|||
| Week 6 | Regular Expressions | ||||
| Week 6 | Regular Expressions |
|
|
||
| Week 7 | Finite Automata |
|
|||
| Week 7 | Finite Automata |
|
|
||
| Week 7 | Data Types |
|
|
|
|
| Week 8 | Code Structure: Expressions and Conditionals |
|
|||
| Week 9 | Code Structure: Functions, Exceptions, and Memory Management |
|
|||
| Week 9 | Data Structures and Generics |
|
|||
| Week 9 | The Lambda Calculus |
|
|||
| Week 10 | The Lambda Calculus | ||||
| Week 10 | The Compilation / Linking Process and Bytecode |
|
|
||
| Week 10 | Libraries |
|
|
||
| Week 11 | Grammars |
|
|||
| Week 11 | Grammars and Ambiguity | ||||
| Week 11 | Tokens and Scanning | ||||
| Week 12 | Parsing and Interpreting |
|
|||
| Week 12 | Parsing and Interpreting: the LL(1) Parser | ||||
| Week 12 | Parsing and Interpreting |
|
|||
| Week 13 | Parsing and Interpreting |
|
|||
| Week 13 | Parsing and Interpreting | ||||
| Week 13 | Parsing and Interpreting: The LR(1) Parser |
|
|||
| Week 14 | Parsing and Interpreting | ||||
| Week 15 | Parsing Workshop |
|
|||
| Week 15 | Parsing Workshop |
|
|||
| Week 15 | Abstract Syntax Trees |
|
|
||
| Week 16 | Review |
- Add Deadline:
- Drop with a W Deadline:
- Reading Day:
Grade Breakdown
Letter grades will be assigned on the scale below at the end of the course. "Grade grubbing" is not conducive to professional practice; every assignment has or will have very precise expectations and point breakdowns, and I will evaluate submitted work carefully according to these standards. I will also return assignments in a timely manner, and the running weighted grades will be updated frequently. Therefore, I expect a commensurate level of respect from you. In sum, you should know where you stand at all times, there will be plenty of opportunities to improve your standing, and there should be no surprises at the end of the course.Grading Table
| Item | Weight |
|---|---|
| Programming Assignments | 35% |
| Labs | 20% |
| Midterm Exam | 15% |
| Final Project | 20% |
| Class Participation and Quizzes | 10% |
Letter Grades
| Letter | Grade Range |
|---|---|
| A+ | 96.9-100 |
| A | 93-96.89 |
| A- | 89.5-92.99 |
| B+ | 87-89.49 |
| B | 83-86.99 |
| B- | 79.5-82.99 |
| C+ | 77-79.49 |
| C | 73-76.99 |
| C- | 69.5-72.99 |
| D+ | 67-69.49 |
| D | 63-66.99 |
| D- | 59.5-62.99 |
| F | 0-59.49 |
Course Policies
Classroom Environment and Inclusivity Standards
In this class we will work to promote an environment where everyone feels safe and welcome, even during uncomfortable conversations. As we explore these ideas, every voice in the room has something of value to contribute to group discussion. Every participant must show respect for all others. You are encouraged to not only take advantage of opportunities to express your own ideas, but also to learn from the information and ideas shared by other students. Participation is crucial to the success of this classroom experience. Your insights, questions and comments will be useful not only to yourself and to your a professor, but to your fellow students. My goal is to foster a environment in which students across all axes of diversity feel welcome and valued, both by me and by their peers. Axes of diversity include, but are not limited to, age, background, beliefs, race, ethnicity, gender/gender identity/gender expression (please feel free to tell me in person or over e-mail which pronouns I should use), national origin, religious affiliation, and sexual orientation. Discrimination of any form will not be tolerated. Please see me if you have any questions about our classroom environment. Discriminatory acts can be reported by following the process outlined on the college policy on discriminatory acts. Furthermore, I want all students to feel comfortable expressing their opinions or confusion at any point in the course, as long as they do so respectfully. As I will stress over and over, being confused is an important part of the process of learning computer science. Therefore, I will not tolerate any form of put-downs by one student towards another about their confusion or progress in the class. Learning computer science and struggling to grow is not always comfortable, but I want it to feel safe. Much of this material is probably new to everyone, and those with some prior experience likely recall a time when it was new to them, too. Remember that this is not a competition: helping others to grow is itself a richly rewarding professional development opportunity. In order to allow for equitable access to class for students who may be attend and participating remotely, I may record our class sessions. These recordings will only be available on our Canvas site. I will announce that we are recording in the beginning of any classes of this kind; out of respect and privacy for me and all class members, please do not download, copy, or redistribute class recordings.
Online Communication Policy
Since this is a class-wide communication, the following rules apply to message groups and electronic communications:- Students are expected to be respectful and mindful of the classroom environment and inclusivity standards.
- They are equally applicable to a virtual environment as they are in class.
- Students are not permitted to share direct answers or questions which might completely give away answers to any homework problems or labs publicly on Microsoft Teams. When in doubt, please send me a direct message there.
- I will attempt to answer questions real time during student / office hours. Otherwise, I will make every attempt to respond within 24 hours. Of course, students can and should still respond to each other outside of these intervals, when appropriate!
- Students may ask anonymous questions.
Early Alerts
From time to time, I may send academic early alerts through the college to you reagarding your academic performance or engagement in the class. These alerts are intended to help you engage in a way that will improve your ability to be successful. Should I send you an alert, I expect that you will follow up with me within 5 days to discuss your engagement on campus or in our class.Religious and Spiritual Life Observance Policy
Per the Religious and Spiritual Life Observance Policy, students who expect to miss classes, examinations, or other assignments due to religious observance may notify me two weeks prior to the observance. I will be happy to discuss reasonable alternatives with you.Collaboration Policy and Academic Integrity Policy
Communication between students is allowed (and encouraged!), but it is expected that every student's code or writeups will be completely distinct! Please do not copy code off of the Internet (repurposing code from the Internet will probably make it harder anyway because the assignments are so specialized). Please cite any sources in addition to materials linked from the course website that you used to help in crafting your code and completing the assignment.See the Course Management page in the Faculty Handbook for an explanation of college policies on plagiarism and other academic honesty violations.
To encourage collaboration, students will be allowed to choose one "buddy" to work "near" during the assignment. Students are still expected to submit their own solutions, but they are allowed to provide substantial help to their designated buddy, and even to look at the buddy's code during the process. Students must indicate their buddies in the README upon assignment submission. Please let me know if you would like a buddy but are having trouble finding one.
Below is a table spelling out in more detail when and how you are allowed to share code with people (table style cribbed from Princeton CS 126).
Please Note: The terms "exposing" and "viewing" exclude sending or ingesting electronically, which would be considered copying. Exposing and viewing are normally done in the context of in-person working or in the help room. In addition, "Other People" includes internet sources!
| Your Buddy | Course Staff | Course Grads | Classmates | Others (Including Generative AI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Discuss Concepts With | OK | OK | OK | OK | OK |
| Acknowledge Collaboration With | OK | OK | OK | OK | OK |
| Expose Your Code/Work/Solutions To | Labs Only | OK | OK | NO | NO |
| View the Code/Work/Solutions Of | Labs Only | OK | NO | NO | NO |
| Copy Code/Work/Solutions From | NO | NO | NO | NO | NO |
If the work you submit appears to be copied from previous work or the collaboration policy has been violated in any way (including working with more collaborators or "buddies" than the course deliverable specifies) according to the College Academic Honesty policy, regardless of intent, then it may be an academic dishonesty case, and it will be referred to the Associate Dean for Academic Affairs. I am required to make this report in every occurrence, so it is best to speak with me first if there are any questions about the policy or expectations. You should feel free to have these conversations with me anytime prior to making your submission without fear of penalty. Finally, except as specified in this collaboration policy, it is expected that your work is your original work. You must cite any collaborations or references that you use, including consultation with or work generated through the use of generative AI systems. You may have a friend or relative with computing experience, but they should not do your assignments, labs, etc., for you. Similarly, generative AI systems should not do your work for you.
Flexible Submission Policy
In the absence of accommodations arranged in advance with the instructor or college, all assignments are due at 10:59PM Eastern Time on the date(s) stated on the schedule. Assignments will be accepted without prior permission following this time with a points deduction of 8% per day if submitted before 10:59 PM Eastern Time on the day submitted. Students may waive this policy up to three times during the semester for an extension of up to 7 days each; to elect this option, students must arrange this extension with the instructor at least 24 hours prior to the initial deadline. Extra credit will not be awarded for assignments submitted under the flexible submission policy. Students with accommodations will receive additional "slack days" as specified within the accommodations letter; however, some deliverables cannot be subject to accommodations due to the time-sensitive nature of the assignment (for example, group assignments, presentations, and course surveys). Students who add the class late shall receive additional slack days equal to the number of days between the start of classes and the first date that approval is given or that class is attended (whichever occurs first). Under no circumstances (including accommodations) can late work be accepted after the final class meeting, nor during final exams week, nor after the exam.A Word About Submitting Work On-Time
Managing your time and pacing yourself consistently are crucial to your academic success. In professional practice – and in the spirit of the Ursinus Question “how should we live together?” – others will depend on you and will build upon the work you create. In the classroom, these interactions are modeled in the form of group projects and activities, and also in the form of cumulative course content that builds upon itself thematically throughout the semester. Research indicates that self-imposed or flexible deadlines does not lead to optimal scheduling [1], which, in turn, can lead to a compounding of overdue work across multiple classes. In addition, extensions to or prolonging of assignment deadlines has been shown to yield a detrimental appearance of complexity [2]: we tend to believe that assignments with longer durations are more difficult, and can find it more difficult to get started due to the anxiety that results. Your professor has established a schedule and procedure for completing and submitting classwork that complements the topics being covered during the semester. The specific details of that schedule and of those procedures may vary from instructor to instructor, depending upon the unique needs and instructional approach of the class. These details are specified in the course syllabus, and because those details have been designed thoughtfully and intentionally to best enable your consistent engagement with the class, the guidelines in that syllabus pertaining to engaging in the course, completing work, and posting grades (including a grade of incomplete) shall be considered effective policy for the course. Regardless of the implementation details from one course or from one instructor to another, these instructional designs are intended to enable you to engage with the course in a healthy and consistent manner, to manage your time effectively between your class, your other classes, and your extracurricular activities, and to better position you for success in class and beyond.(References: [1] Ariely, Dan, and Klaus Wertenbroch. “Procrastination, Deadlines, and Performance: Self-Control by Precommitment.” Psychological Science, vol. 13, no. 3, May 2002, pp. 219–224, doi:10.1111/1467-9280.00441. [2] Meng Zhu, Rajesh Bagchi, Stefan J Hock, The Mere Deadline Effect: Why More Time Might Sabotage Goal Pursuit, Journal of Consumer Research, Volume 45, Issue 5, February 2019, Pages 1068–1084, https://doi.org/10.1093/jcr/ucy030.)
Grade Posting Policy
Feedback and grades will be provided frequently, generally within one week of the due date of any deliverable, and no more than two weeks following the due date. Inquiries seeking a change of grade must be made within 7 days of the posting of the grade in question, including the posting of a reduced grade for a missing submission. Final grades are due within 48 hours of the final exam (or last class scheduled meeting in a class with no final exam); grades are not subject to change (including a change from a posted grade to a grade of incomplete) once submitted to the college.Incomplete Policy
A grade of I may only be granted by permission of the Office of the Dean. A petition to the Office of the Dean will only be made upon written request by the student, including all information requested by the Office of the Dean. Requests for a grade of I will only be made in situations where such a request is warranted. Specifically, the student's grade must be passing at the time the request is made. A petition for a grade of I will not be considered if an academic alert was submitted by the instructor prior to the course Drop with a W (withdraw) deadline.Title IX
Title IX is a federal law, under which it is prohibited to discriminate, harass, or commit misconduct on the basis of gender or sex. The Title IX Coordinator is available to receive inquiries and to investigate allegations in this regard. As a professor, I am a mandatory reporter under Title IX, and am required to report disclosures made to me related to Title IX.Inclement Weather and Class Cancellation Policy
In the event that the College closes due to inclement weather or other circumstances, our in-person class sessions, student / office hours, labs, or other meetings will not be held. I will contact you regarding our plan with regard to rescheduling the class or the material, any assignments that are outstanding, and how we can move forward with the material (for example, any readings or remote discussions that we can apply). If necessary, I may schedule online virtual sessions in lieu of class sessions, and will contact you with information about how to participate in those. I will communicate this plan to the department so that it can be posted on my office door if it is feasible to do so. This policy and procedure will also apply in the event that the College remains open but travel conditions are hazardous or not otherwise conducive to holding class as normal. Should another exigent circumstance arise (for example, illness), I will follow this policy and procedure as well.Class Recording Policy
In order to allow for equitable access to class for students who may be unable to attend, I may record our class sessions. These recordings will only be available on our Canvas site. I will announce that we are recording in the beginning of any classes of this kind; out of respect and privacy for me and all class members, please do not download, copy, or redistribute class recordings. Please do not record classes without first discussing it with the instructor and, as appropriate, with appropriate accommodations to do so.Student Perception of Teaching Questionnaire (SPTQ)
I will be soliciting student feedback through the SPTQ and possibly through other forms of commentary. This feedback greatly assists me and the department as we develop our courses and overall curriculum for this program. This course has benefitted from the feedback of those students who took the course before you, and your feedback will help maintain and improve the course for those to follow. I strongly encourage you to participate in this important and valuable process.Syllabus Subject to Change
I will do my best to provide all relevant information about the course on this syllabus. Sometimes, exigent circumstances, the pace of the class, or other circumstances will warrant minor revisions to the syllabus. For example, inclement weather or other campus closure might affect the course schedule and assignment deadlines; in addition, I may find that the class benefits from spending more time on a particular topic, and adjust accordingly. Although I try to avoid rescheduling student / office hours, it may become necessary from time to time to accommodate other events in the College. Should any revisions be necessary, I commit to making any revisions in my estimation of the best interests of the class, and commit to communicating those changes to you as soon as I make them.Course Details
Overview
Welcome to Principles of Programming Languages! In this course, we will explore the process by which high level source code is used as a shortcut to writing machine language directly, and how that code is translated to machine code for a particular architecture. We will then leverage that shortcut to design languages that provide conveniences to the programmer, from loops and conditionals to promises and multithreading.
Homework
Labs
Every week, we will have a lab session where students get a chance to practice concepts we just learned in a safe and collaborative environment. Tasks will be given that serve as warm-ups for the larger assignments, and final submissions will be graded on a scale from 0 to 2. Students will have a chance to refine their submissions until the Friday of every week, and there will be help from the Lab T.A.s listed above.
Assignments
The bulk of the grade in the course will be earned by completing individual programming assignments. Be sure to start them early! Note that collaboration and sharing rules differ slightly for labs and assignments.
Classroom Participation
Group Work [1]
In addition to ordinary participation that follows the natural rhythm of a lecture, most days there will be at least one followup problem, which is a question that follows on the heels of newly presented material. Students will split into groups of 2 and try to write some code to address a particular problem. When a group of students believe they have figured out the answer, they raise their hand. The other students can continue to work while I verify that the answer is correct. If the answer is correct, the students present the answer to the class. If the group is not correct upon my checking, then the groups continue this process until one gets it correct.
Other ways to help your fellow classmates in class are as follows:
- Helping to teach a student a topic during office hours.
- Certain calls for participation in class
- Particularly helpful or insightful messages on Microsoft Teams
- Finding mistakes in the book or on the assigned homework and labs
Class Participation and Classroom Etiquette [1]
For classroom attendance, the following rules apply:
- Please be attentive during class. There will be class exercises that involve coding, but class time should be used for learning computer science. It is imperative that technology be used for this purpose during our class time together. Alternatively, please try to think of this as a safe space away from social media. We could all use a break, and we are fortunate to have a good excuse to make that space.
- Please follow common courtesy. For instance, you can bring food and drink as long as it’s not distracting, but please clean up after yourself if you do. Our janitorial staff deserves the utmost respect and help with their job.
- In-class exercises and “low stakes” activities will take place individually and in groups to assess our progress together. These exercises will be given both synchronously (for example, in-class activities, pair programming exercises) and asynchronously (for example, pre-lab exercises, peer code reviews, book surveys) and will be graded on a participation basis. These are given equal weight and form the basis of the class participation score.
- If a class session is remote, please feel free to make choices that make you most comfortable. For example, I will record these sessions for students who cannot make the session or for those who would benefit from a review of the material. I’d encourage you to enable your video feed if it is available, but if you need leave your video off, you feel free to do so; however, if you find that this becomes necessary on a prolonged basis, please see me to discuss. Please keep your microphone on mute to avoid background noises while others are speaking; however, please do not feel “mic fright” about unmuting to speak up and participate anytime. If, however, you would prefer to communicate via the chat interface (either exclusively or in combination with your audio/video), you should feel free to do that. Whether in-person or remote, all I ask is that you engage as best you can; the material is challenging but fun, and we’re all here to learn new things together.
-
This introduction is adapted from Dr. Tralie’s CS173 Course Syllabus. ↩ ↩2